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</o:shapelayout></xml><![endif]--></head><body lang=EN-AU link=blue vlink=purple><div class=WordSection1><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D;mso-fareast-language:EN-US'>It all depends on what size (i.e. number of bits) INTEGER is defined as on the system you are using as to what range of numbers are valid INTEGERs. Since 2011, the range of INTEGER values is no longer defined in the Language Report; it is implementation-dependent. <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D;mso-fareast-language:EN-US'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D;mso-fareast-language:EN-US'>In the Project Oberon (2013) RISC5 compiler, INTEGER is 32 bit so 90909090H is a valid INTEGER. Maybe you used the default (-O2) option in VOC? If so, INTEGER is 16 bit so 90909090H would be too large. Make sure you are compiling with the VOC –OC option instead if you want INTEGER to be treated as a 32 bit quantity.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D;mso-fareast-language:EN-US'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D;mso-fareast-language:EN-US'>Note that 9090H would be a negative number on a 16-bit INTEGER system but a positive number on a 32-bit INTEGER system.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D;mso-fareast-language:EN-US'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D;mso-fareast-language:EN-US'>Regards,<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D;mso-fareast-language:EN-US'>Chris Burrows<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D;mso-fareast-language:EN-US'>CFB Software<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D;mso-fareast-language:EN-US'>https://www.astrobe.com<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D;mso-fareast-language:EN-US'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><div style='border:none;border-left:solid blue 1.5pt;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 4.0pt'><div><div style='border:none;border-top:solid #E1E1E1 1.0pt;padding:3.0pt 0cm 0cm 0cm'><p class=MsoNormal><b><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"'>From:</span></b><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"'> Oberon [mailto:oberon-bounces@lists.inf.ethz.ch] <b>On Behalf Of </b>Arthur Yefimov<br><b>Sent:</b> Sunday, 26 April 2020 12:38 AM<br><b>To:</b> oberon@lists.inf.ethz.ch<br><b>Subject:</b> [Oberon] Negative integer literals in Oberon<o:p></o:p></span></p></div></div><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><div><p class=MsoNormal>While developing the compiler[1], we got a question<o:p></o:p></p><div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:12.0pt'>whether it is possible to write the following:<o:p></o:p></p><div><p class=MsoNormal>PROCEDURE DWord(n: INTEGER);<br>...<br>DWord (90909090H)<o:p></o:p></p><div><p class=MsoNormal><br>(where INTEGER is 32-bit).<br><br>Some compilers give an error (i.e. VOC), while this works in the<o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal>Project Oberon (2013) compiler. This would turn out to be quite convenient,<o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal>because the purpose of DWord in our code was to write 4 bytes to the file<o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal>given as INTEGER (using little-endian byte order).<o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal>DWord has the following implementation (module Generator[2]):<o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><br>PROCEDURE DWord (n: INTEGER);<br>BEGIN<br> Files.Write (r, CHR (n MOD 100H));<br> Files.Write (r, CHR (n DIV 100H MOD 100H));<br> Files.Write (r, CHR (n DIV 10000H MOD 100H));<br> Files.Write (r, CHR (n DIV 1000000H))<br>END DWord;<br><br>The Oberon language report does not indicate that literal 90909090H<o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal>should be considered an error if INTEGER has 32 bits.<o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><br>In this experiment, an online RISC emulator[3] was used.<o:p></o:p></p></div></div></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal>References:<o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal>[1] <a href="https://github.com/kekcleader/oberon">https://github.com/kekcleader/oberon</a><o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal>[2] <a href="https://github.com/kekcleader/oberon/blob/master/Mod/Generator.Mod">https://github.com/kekcleader/oberon/blob/master/Mod/Generator.Mod</a><o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal>[3] <a href="http://schierlm.github.io/OberonEmulator/emu-wasm.html?image=FullDiskImage&width=1024&height=768">http://schierlm.github.io/OberonEmulator/emu-wasm.html?image=FullDiskImage&width=1024&height=768</a><o:p></o:p></p></div></div></div></div></body></html>